Philippines

Region: Asia and Oceania
 

Classification of economies by geographic region is based on that of the United Nations Statistics Division.

Low Income
 

Based on the income levels set out by the World Economic Forum (WEF) in its Global Competitiveness Report. However, the groupings are slightly different due to the numbers of economies covered. For GEM, the low income group contains both those classified as low income and lower middle by WEF, and the middle income group has those that WEF groups as upper middle. High income is the same for both GEM and WEF.

Population: 105 million (2018)
 

Population data is from the World Bank, except Palestinian Territories World Population Review and Taiwan Worldometers

GDP Growth: 6.2% (2018)
 

GDP growth data is from the World Economic Outlook Database, except Palestinian Territories Worldometers

GDP Per Capita: $2,989 (2017)
 

GDP per capita data is from the World Economic Outlook Database, except Palestinian Territories Worldometers

Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Attitudes

Most recent data: 2015
  • Philippines 2015
  • Philippines 2014
  • Global Average
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average

Self-Perceptions

  • 1
     
    Perceived Opportunities Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who see good opportunities to start a firm in the area where they live
  • 2
     
    Perceived Capabilities Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who believe they have the required skills and knowledge to start a business
  • 3
     
    Fear of Failure Rate*:Percentage of the 18–64 population who agree that they see good opportunities but would not start a business for fear it might fail. NOTE: this is a percentage of those seeing good opportunities, and not the total adult population
  • 4
     
    Entrepreneurial Intentions Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population (individuals involved in any stage of entrepreneurial activity excluded) who are latent entrepreneurs and who intend to start a business within three years
  • 1. Perceived Opportunities Rate
  • 2. Perceived Capabilities Rate
  • 3. Fear of Failure Rate*
  • 4. Entrepreneurial Intentations Rate:

Activity

  • 1
     
    Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA):Percentage of 18-64 population who are either a nascent entrepreneur or owner-manager of a new business
  • 2
     
    Established Business Ownership Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who are currently an owner-manager of an established business, i.e., owning and managing a running business that has paid salaries, wages, or any other payments to the owners for more than 42 months
  • 3
     
    Entrepreneurial Employee Activity Rate:Rate of involvement of employees in entrepreneurial activities, such as developing or launching new goods or services, or setting up a new business unit, a new establishment or subsidiary
  • 1. Total early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA)
  • 2. Established Business Ownership Rate
  • 3. Entrepreneurial Employee Activity Rate

Motivations

  • 1
     
    Motivational Index:Percentage of those involved in TEA that are improvement-driven opportunity motivated, divided by the percentage of TEA that is necessity-motivated
  • 1. Motivational Index

Gender Equity

  • 1
     
    Female/Male TEA Ratio:Percentage of female 18-64 population who are either a nascent entrepreneur or owner-manager of a 'new business', divided by the equivalent percentage for their male counterparts
  • 2
     
    Female/Male Opportunity-Driven TEA Ratio:Percentage of those females involved in TEA who (i) claim to be driven by opportunity as opposed to finding no other option for work; and (ii) who indicate the main driver for being involved in this opportunity is being independent or increasing their income, rather than just maintaining their income, divided by the equivalent percentage for their male counterparts
  • 1. Female/Male TEA Ratio
  • 2. Female/Male Opportunity-Driven TEA Ratio

Impact

  • 1
     
    High Job Creation Expectation Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA who expect to create 6 or more jobs in 5 years
  • 2
     
    Innovation Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA who indicate that their product or service is new to at least some customers AND that few/no businesses offer the same product
  • 3
     
    Business Services Sector Rate:Percentage of those involved in TEA in the 'Business Services' sector - Information and Communication, Financial Intermediation and Real Estate, Professional Services or Administrative Services, as defined by the ISIC 4.0 Business Type Codebook
  • 1. High Job Creation Expectation Rate
  • 2. Innovation Rate
  • 3. Business Services Sector Rate

Societal Values

  • 1
     
    High Status to Successful Entrepreneurs Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who agree with the statement that in their country, successful entrepreneurs receive high status
  • 2
     
    Entrepreneurship as a Good Career Choice Rate:Percentage of 18-64 population who agree with the statement that in their country, most people consider starting a business as a desirable career choice
  • 1. High Status to Successful Entrepreneurs Rate
  • 2. Entrepreneurship as a Good Career Choice Rate

Entrepreneurial Framework Conditions

Most recent data: 2015

Expert Ratings: 1 = highly insufficient, 5 = highly sufficient

  • Philippines 2015
  • Philippines 2014
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average
  • Global Average
  • Philippines 2015
  • Philippines 2014
  • Regional Average
  • Income Level Average
  • Global Average

Philippines Reports

Name
Report information
pdf
  • Year of publication: 2015
  • Category: National Reports
  • Language: English
  • Upload date: 2017-06-28

  • The results of the 2015 Philippine APS and NES show the confidence of Filipinos on entrepreneurship as a mover to a better life and more progressive society. Although government policies, structure, and bureaucracy are seen as constraints on growth and sustainability of entrepreneurial undertaking, more than half of the population see business opportunity in the country and close to 70% believe that they have the necessary skills to seize the entrepreneurial opportunities in the economy. On the other hand, there is a high business closure rate mainly due to unprofitable business operations and difficulty in accessing financing to continue business operations.
  • URL: https://gemconsortium.org/report/49845
 Philippine Entrepreneurship Report 2015-2016
Report information
pdf
  • Year of publication: 2014
  • Category: National Reports
  • Language: English
  • Upload date: 2016-07-20

  • Entrepreneurship in the Philippines: 2014 Report considered more closely the prospects of micro and youth entrepreneurship in alleviating poverty and unemployment within the country. In the last few years, research particularly by Banerjee and Duflo at MIT’s Poverty Action Lab has suggested that some of the optimism about entrepreneurship as a bridge out of poverty in developing countries has been misplaced, and that entrepreneurial success is harder to come by than frequently believed. We find broad support for these ideas from the 2014 Philippine survey, and use this as an opportunity to rethink entrepreneurship strategy and policies in the country.
  • URL: https://gemconsortium.org/report/49561
 GEM Philippines 2014 Report
Report information
pdf
  • Year of publication: 2014
  • Category: National Reports
  • Language: English
  • Upload date: 2015-03-27

  • In 2013, Approximately 18.5 million Filipinos were starting or running a new business while close to 6.6 million Filipinos were engaged in a business for at least 3 1/2 years. Filipinos are confident that they have the capability and opportunity to engage in business. They have a very low perception of business failure. More men are engaged in start-up business but more women are enaged in established business. The capacity of Filipinos to start a business, large size of the Philippine domestic market, high regard of society in entrepreneurs are main drivers of entrepreneurship in the Philippines. On the other hand,  access to capital and capability to run and grow the business are two major barriers to entrepreneurs.

  • URL: https://gemconsortium.org/report/48869
 GEM Philippines 2013 Report
Report information
pdf
GEM Philippines 2006-07 Report
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